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M9480526.TXT
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1994-08-20
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Document 0526
DOCN M9480526
TI Sensitive detection and early prognostic significance of p24 antigen in
heat-denatured plasma of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected
infants. Swiss Neonatal HIV Study Group.
DT 9410
AU Schupbach J; Boni J; Tomasik Z; Jendis J; Seger R; Kind C; Swiss
National Center for Retroviruses, University of Zurich.
SO J Infect Dis. 1994 Aug;170(2):318-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/94308596
AB Immune complex formation causes underdetection of p24 antigen in human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Briefly boiling diluted plasma
releases all complexed antigen, which can then be measured by some
commercial assays. In a retrospective pediatric cohort study, the
specificity of this procedure in 390 uninfected samples was 96.9% after
initial testing and 100% after neutralization. Sensitivity among 125
postnatal infected samples was, at a detection of 2 pg/mL, 96.0% (97%
neutralizable) compared with 47.7% for regular antigen (76%
neutralizable), 96% for polymerase chain reaction, and 77% for viral
culture. The high sensitivity and specificity of heat-denatured antigen
was confirmed by prospectively testing 113 additional samples.
Quantitative analysis of samples from infected infants showed low levels
of p24 antigen in 29% of cord blood sera, a postnatal increase to levels
that were during the first 6 months of life inversely associated with
survival, and persistence of antigenemia thereafter independent of
clinical status. Prevalence and antigen levels were significantly lower
in mothers. The persistent antigenemia in children indicates that their
immune systems cannot restrict HIV expression as efficiently as those of
adults.
DE Age Factors Child Child, Preschool Cohort Studies DNA,
Viral/ANALYSIS Female Fetal Blood/IMMUNOLOGY Follow-Up Studies Heat
Human HIV Core Protein p24/*BLOOD HIV
Infections/*DIAGNOSIS/EPIDEMIOLOGY HIV-1/GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION
& PURIF Infant Infant, Newborn Male Polymerase Chain Reaction
Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/DIAGNOSIS/EPIDEMIOLOGY
Prevalence Prognosis Prospective Studies Retrospective Studies
Sensitivity and Specificity Support, Non-U.S. Gov't JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).